Organisational Theory Essay Example for Free

Authoritative Theory Essay Apple is a worldwide mammoth whose achievement has been based on re-appropriating to a scope of different associations situated over the world. By what means can distinctive hierarchical hypothesis points of view help us in procuring diverse comprehension of Apple, its authoritative system and impact? In this paper you should use at any rate two points of view to break down Apple. Presentation In this upset world, changes happen quickly, be it in a sorted out or disrupted way (Henry Veltmeyer 2008). Associations are managing progressively complex frameworks and ideas. The investigation of authoritative speculations progressively gains significance since it includes the investigation of conceptual issues identifying with associations. It is fundamental as it benefits in breaking down and finding new implications to life both inside and outside the association (Hatch and Cunliffe 2006). Apple’s creative story has been told and retold surrounding us. Its prosperity is to a great extent because of the late prime supporter, Steven Paul Jobs. With the death of Steve Jobs, Apple Inc is as yet thriving and as of now the most appreciated organization is the world (Fortune 2012). In hierarchical hypothesis, the achievement of Apple can be broke down into two points of view that differ incredibly; Modernist and Post-Modernist. The innovator ascribes Apple’s accomplishment to its novel association diagram and ‘knowledge is power’ association culture. Post-pioneer offer credits to Apple’s affirmation of talks and condition impacts identified with the association. Apple’s capacity to produce incredible amounts of items to satisfy the need and its reliable commitment with partners demonstrated the endeavors to be serious in the business. It is additionally a critical commitment to its prosperity. In any case, Apple’s method of making progress is a reason for banter because of its obsessive relationship with its partners. This paper expects to give an investigation into Apple’s Inc association; points of view of its partners and how the relationship towards its condition. The setting of the exposition will be isolated into two sections. Section An and B. Section A will address the meta-hypothetical suspicions of innovator and post-pioneer and how it identifies with organisation’s force, control and the earth. Part B will apply the suspicions and definitions to a limited extent A to break down innovation and postmodernism viewpoints on Apple. The attention will be on the manners in which that Apple exhibits force and how it impacts its condition and system which incorporates partners. Section A Metaphysics Metaphysics is characterized as the science or investigation of the real world (McAuley, Duberley Johnson 2007). It tries to explain what are the truth and the wonders we take to establish parts of the truth. Modernist’s ontological supposition that is portrayed as objectivism. It guarantees that social world and the truth is all together and that the fact of the matter is in a normal, organized way paying little heed as far as anyone is concerned (Boisot Mckelvey 2010). They see the existent of time is genuine paying little heed to the human’s mindfulness in view of people create theory and recommendations that demonstrated the truth of time. Then again, there is no away from on the ontological presumption of postmodernism. It is created in response of innovation position (Moore 2001). Postmodernist rejects and challenge the pioneer view and contend that time is ‘created’ through the talks of human since it gives importance and affirmation to people. Epistemology Epistemology is the investigation of the measures we set and how it legitimizes the conviction. It looks to explain how creatures make information to guarantee the world is legitimized. Innovator takes a positive purpose of points of view in survey the world in scan for information. Modernist’s epistemological supposition that is positivism, whereby discerning theories and practices of information will characterize reality and comprehend nature(Hatch and Cunliffe 2006). They sees ‘truths’ to be the revelation of the human’s exact theory and conceptualization to be dissected with the truth found in target world. Regardless, postmodernism rejects modernism’s thought of ‘truths’. It depicts reality as a hallucinations made by dialects and talks. It alludes to the abstract methods by which people sort out what they see. Talks are contemplations, composed or spoken or any mediums that develop a specific marvel, they are in a social and politically etymological system that impacts people understanding and comprehension of it (Crowther Green 2004). Rather, postmodernist intends to give an elective clarification/which means using talks. System impact on Organization Innovator Proceeding from the epistemology of innovation, it sees worry of information implies seeing all part of an association capacities. Methods of unraveling and dissecting association issues are created to all the more likely oversee and make gainfulness for the organization. Innovation and the methodological term, positivism, support the structures and episteme authenticity in this ‘noisy’ world. Post-pioneer Post-present day approach lies in ‘anti-positivism’, where language, talk and deconstruction are the primary impacts. Language can have distinctive importance and diverse noteworthiness when joined with different words (Moore 2001). The development that could be produce may shift amazingly in various conditions. Postmodernists consider this thought the Ludwig Wittgenstein’s idea of language games. Information makes and repeats talk that activity control and twist the truth that innovator expect. The idea of talk develops in ‘poststructuralist semantics as a methods for examining the aggregate procedure that builds and shapes language in use.’ Deconstruction ‘is a method of perusing and rehashing writings utilizing various settings so as to uncover their essential dangers and different interpretations.’ Association Power and Control Associations require power. Force in associations needs to work on the wonders of changing association rehearses and changing the manners by which association scholar have guessed the practices (Hatch and Cunliffe 2006). Max Weber recommended that force is settling on choices as indicated by arranged outcomes where the social on-screen character gets the chance to choose the methods and closures of activity. Political specialist, Robert Dahl further dwells the relationship of the on-screen character by recommending that on-screen characters might be people or aggregate which prompts various instruments of intensity (Clegg, Courpasson Phillips 2006). ‘A’ can get ‘B’ to accomplish something that ‘B’ would not in any case do, much the same as the theoretical philosophy of billiard where the noteworthy lies more on the technique and gamesmanship behind the sign instead of conclusive situation of the balls. Anthony Giddens, extended Weber’s meaning of intensity expressing that force includes a lot of capacities that mediate a given arrangement of occasions by 2 unmistakable sorts of assets; allocative and definitive. In pioneer associations, Weber contended, formal sanity would be best settled and where strength will be generally finished. Innovation sees power in associations as a structure to arrange exercises in the quest for association objectives. It tries to force request on the tumult and to coordinate the contending interest and plans with the goal that a solitary, agreeable vision and a reliable arrangement of premises oversee the lead of members. The instrument of intensity apparently resolves clashes through exchange and amplify control of tasks. Innovator sees controlling people in association important on the grounds that representative has personal circumstance that will upset association intrigue. The pioneer control speculations of organization, family and office will be applied on Apple. Interestingly, Postmodernism scholar contends that bound together objectives can emerge just when predominant entertainers delegitimize elective translations and rationalities. It underscores the focal job of intensity in molding social foundations. The association of intensity and information is thought to be indistinguishable and in this way information loses a feeling of honesty and lack of bias (Scott 2003). Postmodernist demand that the objective conventional structure must be set nearby different casual frameworks that speak to endeavors to oppose any single vision of request (Hassard 1995). Foucault’s speculations brought up that opposition towards control is unavoidable as force originates from all over. Any type of opposition will simply fortify them (Clegg et al. 2006). It sees power as a multi-dimensional on the grounds that it resembles a system that scattered all through social, political and authoritative world. Association Environment and Network Hierarchical condition is anything dwelling beyond association that may affect upon the association. The association needs to adjust well to its condition and the other way around for the relationship to work in a perfect possibility (Hatch and Cunliffe 2006). Pioneer accepts there is limit among association and the outer condition. Condition relates the variables, for example, between hierarchical system and its partners. Systems are characterized as partners, customers, ecological gatherings, contenders, etc. Pioneer scholar expect that there are sources of info and yields between the association and condition. The earth engages and compels an association; it impacts upon hierarchical objectives and should be overseen. Partner hypothesis alludes to any on-screen character that is imperative for the endurance or achievement of the association, and due to the limit, different components doesn't concern. As the center is clarifying how natural impact works, innovator specialists created hypotheses to examine the enviro

NaOH Standardization and Titration of an Unknown Organic Acid Essay Example for Free

NaOH Standardization and Titration of an Unknown Organic Acid Essay NaOH Standardization and Titration of an Unknown Organic Acid Overview: Methods for including the quantity of atoms in an example is a significant accentuation of research center work. In this investigation we will utilize the strategy for titration to check the quantity of corrosive particles in an answer. Estimating mass is a generally simple method to do in the lab (albeit an equalization is costly). Checking the quantity of particles requires more exertion. Sub-atomic checking should be possible by setting an obscure measure of a substance equivalent to a known measure of substance. In the titration we will act in lab this week, you will add OH particles to arrangement until they are identical to the quantity of H+ particles in arrangement. Where this mole equivalency happens is known as the proportionality point. A marker in the arrangement will change shading to flag that the identicalness has been reached (really, the pointer reacts to the scarcest abundance of OH particles). The shading change in a titration is known as the endpoint. At the equality purpose of the titration, the moles of OH (base) are proportionate to the moles of H+ (corrosive) in the example. The moles of OH added to the arrangement from a buret are determined from the grouping of the base (MOH) and the volume of base (VOH) included, as: V (L) n (mol) Lmol MOH OH The lab objective is to decide the molar mass of an obscure monoprotic corrosive. The grams of corrosive are resolved from gauging the corrosive and the moles are resolved from the titration with NaOH. Since it is a monoprotic corrosive, the moles of corrosive are equivalent to the moles of OH at the endpoint of the titration. n (mol) n (mol) OH corrosive Standardization of NaOH: Last week in lab you arranged a NaOH arrangement with an inexact centralization of 0.1 M. The principal task is to decide the specific centralization of that arrangement by titrating the NaOH against a known measure of corrosive. The known measure of corrosive you will utilize originates from dissolving the strong corrosive potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP, FW = 204.2212 g/mol) in 25 mL of H2O. KHP is an enormous natural particle, yet can be seen basically as a monoprotic corrosive. The titration of the KHP with NaOH can be express by the compound response: OH (aq) + KHP(aq) H2O + KP (aq) To normalize (decide the grouping of) your NaOH arrangement Lmol you will quantify volume of NaOH required to arrive at the titration endpoint. At the equality point the moles of NaOH are proportional to the moles of KHP titrated. n (mol) n (mol) NaOH KHP .Before you titrate a KHP test, start with a training titration of 25 mL of a 0.1 M HCl arrangement with your NaOH. Aâ practice titration is a decent method to start any titration. It tells you the inexact centralization of your NaOH arrangement and the conduct of the marker at the endpoint. Set up a buret with your NaOH arrangement. Review how you clean the buret first with DI water and afterward wash the buret with around 10 mL of your NaOH arrangement. Channel the flush NaOH into an enormous waste measuring glass at your lab seat. At last, fill your buret with NaOH,. Make certain to fill the tip of the buret before you use it and ensure there are no air pockets in the tip. With your graduated chamber measure roughly 25 mL of 0.1M HCl. Record the specific volume you use. Add the HCl to an erlenmyer jar and include three drops of phenolphthalein pointer. Titrate the corrosive arrangement with the NaOH. Spot the erlenmyer carafe under the buret on a white piece of paper (or towel). Make sure to make an underlying volume perusing before you start. You should require about a similar volume of base as you have corrosive for this titration, on the grounds that the molarities of each are comparative. You can titrate rapidly from the outset, yet as you get close to the endpoint moderate your titrating. Limited quantities of titrant can be included by rapidly turning the buret stopcock one upheaval as you approach the end point. Much littler amounts of a solitary drop can be included as you approach the end point. Recollect this is just practice. Wear t invest a great deal of energy in this progression. After you have arrived at the endpoint, the lightest pink shading that will persevere for 20 seconds, demonstrate this answer for your TA. Anything past light pink demonstrates an answer with overabundance OH and you will be over including the moles of corrosive in arrangement. After this training titration, top off your buret, dump your titrated arrangement down the channel, and flush your dish sets with DI water. Normalization of NaOH with KHP: Prepare an answer with a known number of moles of corrosive, by weighing precisely, roughly 0.5 grams of the strong corrosive KHP in a gauge vessel. (Try not to add KHP to the gauge vessel while on the parity!) Add the gauged corrosive to an enormous erlenmyer cup. In the event that any of the KHP stays on the gauge pontoon utilize your spurt container to flush the entirety of the KHP into the erlenmyer flagon. Break down the corrosive in roughly 30 mL of water the specific sum doesn't make a difference. Include four drops of phenolphthalein pointer. Titrate the KHP corrosive arrangement with the NaOH. Spot the erlenmyer jar under the buret on a white piece of paper (or towel). Make sure to make an underlying volume perusing before you start. If not the entirety of the KHP is broken up, you can even now start the titration. Simply ensure that all the KHP is broken down before you arrive at the titration endpoint. The main titration is consistently the most troublesome in light of the fact that you don't have the foggiest idea how cautiously you have to include the titrant. For this situation, you ought to have the option to include 15 mL of NaOH without passing the endpoint. As you are including your underlying measures of NaOH,notice the pink shade of the marker directly as the NaOH enters the arrangement. As the pink shading continues, slow the titration down. Try not to release the buret beneath 50 mL during the titration. On the off chance that you draw near to 50 mL, stop the titration, record the volume of the buret and afterward top off the buret and keep on titrating. The end purpose of the titration happens when the arrangement is the lightest pink shading that will endure for 20 seconds. All things considered, you will overshoot the endpoint on your first attempt. Wear t let this concern you. Record the last volume on the buret. At the equality point, you have included the specific number of moles of OH as there were moles of corrosive at first. The moles of corrosive (monoprotic) you can decide from the mass of the corrosive and its molar mass (KHP = 204.2212 g/mol). Before you proceed, ascertain the rough convergence of your NaOH arrangement. Play out a second titration of KHP with NaOH. Gauge and break up another 0.5 g test of KHP and disintegrate it in a clean erlenmyer jar. The jar can be wet inside. For what reason can the Erlenmyer flagon be wet when test is included, however the buret must be painstakingly washed with the arrangement that will in the end be apportioned? Top off your buret with NaOH and titrate the new KHP test to its pink endpoint. Remember to make an intial buret perusing, include pointer and not go past 50 mL on the buret. After the titration, ascertain the fixation (molarity) of your NaOH arrangement. Titrate a third KHP test with the aim of getting a third estimation of your NaOH arrangement focus. In the wake of tititrating the third example, compute the NaOH focus and look at all three counts of the NaOH fixations. On the off chance that the three estimations of the fixation are the equivalent to inside 0.02 M, you may presume that the grouping of your NaOH is the normal of these three estimations. On the off chance that you have achieved this accuracy in your normalization of NaOH, proceed to the titration on an obscure corrosive. On the off chance that any of the deliberate NaOH fixations are more than 0.02 M, you ought to play out a fourth normalization titration, utilizing another 0.5 g test of KHP. Subsequent to inspecting the four convergence of NaOH, decide whether any one fixation is suspect as either excessively huge or excessively little. Youâ can do this by assessment. In any case, there are factual tests (Student T-tests) that will compute if an information point is an exception. On the off chance that we ever group show this course with Math140 we will utilize the understudy T-test now. For the present, in the event that three fixations are inside 0.02 M, at that point normal these three focuses as the NaOH fixation. On the off chance that you despite everything wear t include three estimations inside 0.02 M of one another, play out a fifth normalization with another example of KHP. Get the NaOH focus from the fifth titration and normal each of the five estimations to acquire a normal NaOH concentration.Titration of an Unknown Acid to Determine Molar Mass: The units of molar mass are g/mol. This escalated property is the proportion of two broad properties, as is appeared in the figure underneath. To decide the molar mass of your obscure corrosive, you will play out the titration of the obscure corrosive similarly you played out the titration of KHP. Acquire from your TA an obscure corrosive example vial. Compose your obscure number in your scratch pad. This example vial contains two examples of your obscure corrosive. Gauge the vial and every one of its substance. Add half of the corrosive to a clean erlenmyer flagon. Recheck the example vial to decide how much corrosive you will titrate in Trial # 1. Note: There are just two examples of your obscure accessible. Exercise alert while titrating. Treating the obscure corrosive similarly as the KHP test, titrate to the endpoint and figure the moles of NaOH require to arrive at the endpoint. From the mass and mole estimations of the obscure corrosive, decide the molar mass of the obscure corrosive. Clean your dish sets and rehash the titrtation on the second example of obscure corrosive. To report the molar mass of the corrosive, take a normal of the two molar mass estimations. Report the vulnerability as half of the distinction between the two mass estimations (ex. on the off chance that Trial # 1 gives a mass of 240 g/mol and Tiral # 2 gives 256 g/mol the normal ought to be accounted for as 248 8 g/mol). Before you leave the lab, clean your buret with refined water at that point place it topsy turvy in the buret brace with the stopcock open

10 Scams That Target the Elderly

10 Scams That Target the Elderly 10 Scams That Target the Elderly 10 Scams That Target the ElderlyDont let yourself or anyone you love get taken in by all the scammers and con artists out there that just love targeting the elderly.It’s Older Americans Month. That’s why we’re drawing attention to different kinds of financial problems that the elderly often face. Recently, we published an article concerning financial elder abuse: specifically, how to spot it and how to stop it.Because the elderly tend to need assistance in managing their finances, they’re especially vulnerable to being taken advantage of. For this post, we spoke to the experts to find out the most common scams that target the elderly so you can be on the lookout and protect yourself and those you love.1. The grandkid scam.Many grandparents would do anything for their grandkids, whether it’s slipping them an extra cookie behind their parent’s back or freeing them from a foreign prison. Scammers are aware of this and won’t hesitate to try and take advantage of it.“I us ed to work in a bank and was trained on the newest scams so I could help prevent customers, primarily elderly customers, from falling victim to these scams,” recounted Ian Dolan, president of Crank 11 Marketing. “One of the biggest ones that is still prevalent and targets the elderly involves a phone call with the scammer pretending to be the grandchild of the elderly victim.“Basically, the scammers call and say ‘Grandma/Grandpa, its your grandson. Im down in Mexico and am in jail. I need you to send me a money order for $1,000 so I can get out. I lost all of my debit cards and have no way to pay.’“They then wait for the victim to suggest a name, then the scammer says they are that person. Then the scammer typically tells the victim to not tell anyone because its embarrassing or they can get in trouble with their job or school. They do this to try to prevent the victim from telling anyone else who may know about this scam or know that their grandson with that name is not in Mexico.“I have seen several elderly people come into the bank to purchase a money order. We are trained to ask nosy questions if this is a customer we dont know or recognize that this is not common for a familiar customer. I have stopped several elderly people from falling victim to this scam and typically convinced them to reach out to the named grandchild or their own child to verify their location before they make the money order or cash withdrawal. One woman was fully convinced that the voice was her grandson and we had to give her the cash, and she sent money via Western Union.“To avoid this scam, simply reach out to any family members to verify this story. It is far more likely that someone is trying to scam you than the likelihood of your grandchild being in prison. If you are unsure, try calling back, and ask a question, such as ‘What is my dogs name?.’ This type of open-ended question will allow you to verify that the scammer is indeed not your grandchild.”2. Website scams.Most scams these days have some sort of online component. And the elderly, as a group, tend to be less capable online.“I find that the most pernicious scams that affect my clients are those that are out in the open,” explained personal injury attorney Brad Biren. “Many baby boomers want to demonstrate that they are capable and tech-savvy, so they will try and do things online by themselves. This demographic will go to Google and then type in the name of the site they want to go to rather than the actual URL. The first links that populate their results are usually not the company they actually want to engage with online.“For example, they may want to go to Citibank. Rather than typing in www.citibank.com, they will just type in the name citibank into the Google browser. They then erroneously click on one of the first search results and they are taken to a nefarious site which was not their intended destination. I usually get involved trying to fix their errors.â €3. Email scams.Even if an elderly person knows not to go to suspicious sites, scammers may still reach out to them directly.“There are many cyber threats to be aware of in today’s digital age, but here I’ll aim to discuss one of the most frequent culpritsâ€"email,” warned Brian Gill, co-founder of Gillware Data Recovery (@gwdatarecovery). “Fraudulent emails come in all shapes and sizes, but I’d like to share some tips to help an elderly person, or anyone for that matter, easily defend against them.“If you receive an email where the ‘To’ field is left blank, it’s a clear signal that it didn’t come from the perceived sender. When an email from a company has spelling errors or bad grammar, it should be another warning sign. Large companies have copywriters and editors who make sure email communications are grammatically correct. Also, if the email begins with ‘Hello’ but doesn’t actually state your name, that’s another red flag.“When checking your emai l, stay suspicious and on alert. Often times a fraudulent email will try to scare you by saying something was stolen or that you’ve won a prize. Rather than clicking on the links from your email, just go directly to the actual website and sign in how you normally would. You should also have some form of internet security installed. Norton AntiVirus or McAfee SiteAdvisor are two helpful tools that can prevent disaster in the event you do open a malicious email.”4. Home scams.Many elderly people choose to move to warmer states to spend their retirement. There’s a reason why we have a trope about Florida as a retirement home state (even though it might not be the best state to retire to). That means a retiree may be looking to sell their house. And that’s where the scammers come in.“Elderly homeowners who are trying to sell their house need to be aware of potential ‘We Buy Houses’ scams,” urged Shawn Breyer, owner of Breyer Home Buyers. “Real estate investors do not h ave to obtain a license to practice and are not held to any ethical standards. If you come across the wrong investment company, you could be exposed to high-pressure tactics and super low offers.“We met a lady who owed $139,000 that sold her house to an investor for $53,000. She thought that she was being offered $153,000, not $53,000. Since it was a binding contract, and per the mortgage verbiage, she had to come out of pocket $86,000 to pay off the remaining loan.“Its important that a family member help the elderly when selling their house to make sure that you are dealing with a reputable company. A good way to initially verify their credibility is to read their Google Reviews. These are real people giving real feedback about a company.”5. Phone scams.Not every “scam” is necessarily illegal. Many businesses will try to take advantage of their customers in every way they can and, as we’ve said, the elderly make easier targets.“It is more than just individual bad acto rs that are scamming the elderly,” warned Jacqueline Hugo, CTO of Hugomatica. “With the complexity of cell phone plans, especially data plans, the elderly are at a disadvantage. They often do not understand the difference between using WiFi (typically free) and cellular data (which can have a per MB charge, if they dont have an unlimited plan). And they can easily end up paying $200 a month for extra cell data usage.“So they probably should upgrade to an unlimited plan if they are going over their domestic cellular data allotment on a regular basis. And they should try to use WiFi whenever possible.“Additionally, for international travel, most carriers offer a $10 per day plan that covers a large number of countries. However, the elderly may not understand that there will be extra charges.”6. Medicare scams.Pretending that you’re working for the government is a tried and true scammer tactic. That tactic is often applied against the elderly.“Scammers targeting older adu lts often use Medicare as an opportunity to commit fraud,” advised Kathryn Casna, a Medicare specialist from Eligibility.com (@eligibilitycom). “Some scammers pose as officials from the Medicare program, insisting that people give them personal information such as a Social Security number or birth date over the phone. The goal here is identity theft.“Although Medicare is sending out new Medicare cards that dont contain the beneficiarys Social Security number, scammers are using this as an opportunity for identity theft. These criminals ask for personal information and threaten to add fees or stop coverage. They say they need this information in order to send out a new Medicare card, so if a beneficiary Googled whether they should be getting a new Medicare card, the call seems legitimate.“The recent $1.2 billion fraud in which seemingly legitimate companies prescribed unnecessary medical equipment is an example of another type of scam. These (and many other) scams require vic tims to give their personal information to impersonators over the phone. Since Medicare never calls beneficiaries to ask for such information, the easiest way to avoid these scams is to simply hang up.“If youre concerned about your Medicare coverage in any way, call Medicare yourself (so you know youre reaching official government employees) and check on it. Finally, report all suspected scams to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC).”7. IRS scams.While pretending you’re working for Medicare is an effective means to scam the elderly, pretending you’re working for the IRS might have an even greater impact. After all, the IRS can send you to jail, and no one, including the elderly, wants to hang out in jail.“In recent years, there has been a significant increase in tax scams targeting thousands of Americans and costing them millions of dollars,” explained David Cawley, CFO at Micah Fraim, CPA (@MFraim89). “From my experience, it seems that many of these scams are starting t o skew towards targeting the elderly. While social media scams are certainly on the rise, the ‘old-school’ scams via traditional means like mail, telephone, and email, are ever more increasing.“According to the FBI, telemarketing fraud is one of the mostâ€"if not the mostâ€"common ways the elderly are targeted. The most important piece of advice I can give to any taxpayer is that the IRS initiates most contact with taxpayers through regular mail via the United States Postal Service. What the IRS does not do is contact taxpayers by email, text message, or social media. Speaking specifically to seniors, it’s important to keep in mind that it’s very rare for the IRS to contact anyone via the phone. If you’re ever contacted through one of those mediums by someone representing themselves as the IRS, it’s most likely a scam.“In some circumstances, such as having an overdue tax bill or getting audited, the IRS may call or visit a taxpayer in person, but even then, taxpayers should have received several IRS notices through regular mail beforehand. Also, according to the IRS, over 70 percent of audits in 2017 were done via regular mail correspondence, so even if you do get audited it’s most likely to happen via regular mail and not in person.”8. Medication scams.Many elderly people need medication. Medication can be very expensive. The elderly struggle with the internet. These are all facts, and scammers are aware of them.“If you find an ad or website on the internet claiming to sell prescription drugs for very cheap, it is a scam,” warned Justin Lavelle, Chief Communications Director for BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). “Usually, they take your money and end up sending you fake or harmful drugs instead of true medications. For your safety, only accept prescriptions from your personal, trusted doctor.”9. Charity scams.Most people want to help others. Scammers want to help themselves by making you think you’re helping others.“Generally, this happens after some kind of natural disaster,” advised Lavelle. “You will get a phone call asking for donations to help the victims of the event. If you want to help, only donate to well-known charities and organizations. Do your research before you donate money to anyone you do not knowâ€"even it seems to be for a good cause.”10. Sweepstakes scams.Everyone likes winning money! Unfortunately, many sweepstakes are actually scamstakes.“This scam tells you that you have won a significant amount of money, but you need to pay a fee to receive it,” advised Lavelle. “Once you’ve sent your money, you get a check in the mail that will bounce after a few days. To keep this from happening to you, know that if you really win something, you never have to pay to get it. Another thing to keep in mind is that if you do not remember entering a contest, you probably did not. Always confirm the info before sending money to any kind of ‘contest.’”Whether you’re old or planning to be old one day, be sure to keep an eye out for these scams. You weren’t born yesterday, after all.  To learn more about how you and your loved ones can keep yourselves safe from scams and fraudsters, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:Expert Roundup: 13 Signs You’re Being Scammed5 Steps You Can Take to Prevent Identity TheftDating App Dangers: 7 Tips to Avoid Getting Scammed by a Fake RomanceHow to Tell if a “Business Opportunity” is Really a ScamDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsBrad Biren is the newest addition to  Johnston Martineau, joining as a senior associate in the fall of 2017. He holds an undergraduate degree from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, and his law degree from the University of Iowa. His broad and varied experience with the law and work in the public sector includes assisting with prosecutions at the US Attorney ’s Office in Davenport, project management at the Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole, and nonprofit management throughout the United States.Shawn Breyer started Breyer Home Buyers with a mission to empower people to enjoy life by simplifying and solving their property issues. He and his wife flip 35+ homes in the metro Atlanta area every year.Kathryn Casna is a Medicare specialist from Eligibility.com (@eligibilitycom).David Cawley is the Chief Financial Officer for  Micah Fraim, CPA (@MFraim89) and is a CPA licensed in the state of Virginia. He holds an MBA and Masters’ in Accounting and Finance. David and his firm specialize in business development and have worked with hundreds of entrepreneurs, helping advise them on how to attain the best results for their businesses.Ian Dolan is the President of the digital marketing agency Crank 11 and manages campaigns for local and national companies to increase lead generation results. He also makes it a priority in helping his community learn the newest strategies in digital marketing and serves on the Board of Directors for two marketing education non-profits.Brian Gill co-founded  Gillware Data Recovery  (@gwdatarecovery) and  Gillware Digital Forensics (@gwforensics), one of the worlds most successful data recovery companies and digital forensics labs. He currently serves as Chairman.As a Founder and Chief Technology officer for Hugomatica, Jacqueline Hugo is the lead technical designer for 6 apps that are currently available in the App Store. Her goal for Hugomatica is to create fun, useful apps for life and learning. Since all of the App code is built using Swift, the Hugomatica apps are robust, current and optimized. She utilizes the scrum agile software development framework throughout the process for product development. In that way, Hugomatica is able to adapt to the fast-changing market and take advantage of new ideas and inspiration on a regular basis.Justin Lavelle  is a Scams Prevention Exper t and the Chief Communications Officer of  BeenVerified.com (@BeenVerified). BeenVerified is a leading source of online background checks and contact information. It helps people discover, understand and use public data in their everyday lives and can provide peace of mind by offering a fast, easy and affordable way to do background checks on potential dates. BeenVerified allows individuals to find more information about people, phone numbers, email addresses,  and property records.